Cook isn't likely to get much argument from investors.

“Why not do the sensible thing and begin to share part of the capital that any rational person would say is beyond what the company needs to sustain itself with shareholders,” said Keith Goddard, CEO of Capital Advisors Inc., an Apple shareholder.

Other investors that have called on Apple to pay a dividend include Wedgewood Partners Inc. and Sustainable Growth Advisers LP.

Analysts at Morgan Stanley, JPMorgan Chase & Co., Mizuho Securities USA Inc. and Sterne Agee & Leach Inc. also predict that Apple will institute a dividend some time soon.

Apple generated $16 billion in cash in the first quarter of fiscal 2012. Shaw Wu, an analyst at Sterne Agee & Leach, predicts Apple will generate about $75 billion in new cash this year alone.

In determining its dividend estimate, Bloomberg takes into account the dividend size of other large technology companies, Apple's projected earnings for next year and the amount of money on its balance sheet.

Steve Dowling, a spokesman for Apple, declined to comment beyond the remarks made earlier by Cook.

Apple rose 1.8 percent to $535.41 at the close in New York yesterday. The shares have climbed 32 percent this year.

Investors' Potential Benefit

A $2-a-quarter dividend would mean hundreds of millions of dollars in new revenue for Apple's top institutional investors.

Fidelity Management & Research Co., Apple's biggest investor, stands to make about $97.2 million each quarter, based on its holding of 48.6 million shares at the end of 2011. Vanguard Group Inc., the No. 2 holder, would make $74.4 million, while State Street Corp., Apple's third-largest investor, would make $69.5 million.

Instituting a dividend might also provide a long-term boost to Apple's stock price by bringing in investors who are restricted to buying shares in dividend-paying companies, said Toni Sacconaghi, an analyst at Sanford C. Bernstein & Co., and Sterne Agee's Wu. With interest rates so low, investors are putting more money into dividend-paying stocks that regularly return money to shareholders, Wu said.

Apple may choose to make a one-time distribution, rather than making a quarterly payment, said Doron Nissim, a professor of accounting at Columbia Business School in New York. A single payout would leave investors less vulnerable to subsequent increases in taxes on dividends, while also removing the risk to Apple's stock price if they someday were to end the dividend, he said.

Apple last paid a dividend in 1995, before co-founder Steve Jobs returned as CEO and led the introduction of top-selling products including the iPod, iPhone and iPad. The final dividend, of 12 cents a share, was suspended amid leadership upheaval and dwindling computer-market share. According to a company filing, Apple's cash, equivalents and short-term investments dropped by about half, to $491 million, in the year through Sept. 29, 1995.

In the years since, Apple has ascended to become the world's most valuable company, with a market value of $499.2 billion, more than Exxon Mobil Corp. In January, the company reported record profit of $13.1 billion on sales of $46.3 billion.

“They can pay a very significant amount,” Columbia's Nissim said.

Overseas Accounts

Still, the amount of cash that Apple can use for dividend payments is limited because the company keeps about 60 percent of its money in overseas accounts. Apple's taxes were almost $4 billion lower in fiscal 2011 than if it had reported all income was earned in the U.S., Nissim said. And Apple could ultimately issue a dividend bigger or smaller than $2 a share, or decide not to declare a quarterly payout.

Jobs, who died in October, had long rebuffed calls to return money to investors. Since taking over as CEO, Cook has signaled a greater willingness to heed the concerns of shareholders, including criticism that the company is stockpiling too much cash.

“The board and management team are thinking about this very deeply,” Cook said last week at the company's shareholder meeting, reiterating earlier comments.

The closest analogy to Apple's situation is Microsoft, which started to pay a regular dividend in 2003, said Columbia's Nissim, whose research includes the effectiveness of dividends. Microsoft, the world's largest software maker, also paid a one-time special dividend in 2004, using $32 billion of its $56.4 billion in available cash at the time.

Apple and Google Inc., owner of the world's most popular search engine, are the only technology companies with a market value higher than $100 billion that don't pay a dividend. In September, Microsoft boosted its quarterly dividend by 25 percent to 20 cents a share. Intel, the world's largest chipmaker, raised its dividend in May to 21 cents, from 18 cents. IBM pays a dividend of 75 cents a share. Cisco Systems Inc.'s quarterly payout is 8 cents a share.

“The board and Tim Cook are feeling the pressure,” Mark Bronzo, who helps manage about $24 billion at Security Global Investors in Irvington, New York, said in a telephone interview. “It's very likely that we'll see Apple pay a dividend, that we'll see Apple return some cash to shareholders.”

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