While insurers are boosting yields on cat bonds by selling riskier debt as the U.S. hurricane season progresses, chances of a major storm lasts every year through November, according to the National Hurricane Center. That means higher coupons and investor demand is accounting for accelerating returns, according to Fermat Capital Management LLC's John Seo.

“The proven track record, especially through recent broader market volatility, has also helped establish the credibility of cat bonds,” Seo, managing principal at the Westport, Connecticut-based firm overseeing $3 billion of the debt, said in an e-mail.

Elsewhere in credit markets, the cost of protecting European company debt from default fell for a second day, reaching the lowest in five months. Banco Santander SA, Spain's biggest bank, and France's Societe Generale SA raised money as issuance in Europe's corporate bond market continued to defy the usual summer slowdown.

Europe Risk

The Markit iTraxx Crossover Index of credit-default swaps tied to 50 mostly junk-rated European companies fell five basis points to 563, the lowest since March 20, according to prices compiled by Bloomberg.

In the U.S., the Markit CDX North America Investment Grade Index dropped 1.2 basis point yesterday to a mid-price of 98.5, the lowest since May 3.

The indexes typically fall as investor confidence improves and rise as it deteriorates. Credit swaps pay the buyer face value if a borrower fails to meet its obligations, less the value of the defaulted debt. A basis point equals $1,000 annually on a contract protecting $10 million of debt.

Banco Santander is selling 2 billion euros ($2.5 billion) of two-year senior, unsecured bonds in the first public offering from a Spanish bank in more than five months, according to a banker familiar with the matter. Paris-based SocGen, France's second-biggest bank, offered a benchmark-sized note in euros due in February 2018, said another banker, who asked not to be named because he's not authorized to discuss the transaction.

Bonds of Laboratory Corp. of America Holdings were the most actively traded dollar-denominated corporate securities by dealers yesterday, with 79 trades of $1 million or more, according to Trace, the bond-price reporting system of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. The Burlington, North Carolina-based provider of medical testing services sold $1 billion of debt in its first offering in almost two years.

The U.S. two-year interest-rate swap spread, a measure of debt market stress, rose 0.25 basis point to 21 basis points. The measure narrows when investors favor assets such as corporate bonds and widens when investors seek the perceived safety of government securities.

The Standard & Poor's/LSTA U.S. Leveraged Loan 100 index rose for the 11th time in 12 days, increasing 0.02 cent to 94.94 cents on the dollar, the highest since June 3, 2011. The measure, which tracks the 100 largest dollar-denominated first-lien leveraged loans, has climbed from 91.8 on June 5, the lowest since Jan. 6.

Leveraged loans and high-yield, high-risk, or junk, bonds are rated below Baa3 by Moody's Investors Service and lower than BBB- at S&P.

Higher Returns

Cat bonds have returned 5.3 percent since the end of March, following a 0.45 percent gain in the first quarter, according to the Swiss Re index.

Company debentures from the most creditworthy to the riskiest have returned 4 percent since March 31, following a 3 percent gain in the first three months of the year, according to the Bank of America Merrill Lynch U.S. Corporate & High Yield Master index.

The outperformance this month is the most since cat bonds lost 0.03 percent in November while company debt plummeted 1.94 percent, according to Swiss Re and Bank of America Merrill Lynch index data.

While issuers of U.S. corporate bonds are obtaining record-low borrowing costs, reaching an unprecedented 3.9 percent on Aug. 2, cat bonds are enticing investors with higher yields.

Cat bonds issued in dollars in 2012 paid an average 915 basis points more than short-term benchmarks, up from 899 basis points last year and 881 in 2010, Bloomberg data show. High-yield bonds in the U.S. pay a spread of 589 basis points, down from an average 607 in 2011 and 630 the prior year.

“The yields on cat bonds are actually relatively normal, which relative to everything else means attractive,” said John Brynjolfsson, chief investment officer at hedge fund Armored Wolf LLC, which oversees $735 million and owns cat bonds.

That's helped boost issuance of the debt, which insurers sell to reduce the risk of claims from hurricanes and floods to pandemics, to $3.6 billion through the first six months of the year, the most since 2007, according to Swiss Re data. Companies have sold $887 billion of dollar debt this year.

“When you're seeing a growing asset class that's still offering yield, that's what attracts folks,” said Cory Anger, a managing director at broker-dealer GC Securities. “When you're looking at the absolute return you're getting in other asset classes, people are concerned about the level of income that they're able to generate.”

Investor Appeal

Citizens Property Insurance Corp., Florida's state-owned insurer, more than tripled its target amount in a debut sale of obligations designed to protect against losses from hurricanes to $750 million in April, the biggest offering on record of cat bonds. Goldman Sachs managed the sale.

“We absolutely did not know that we would have the opportunity to upsize this thing three times,” Sharon Binnun, chief financial officer of the state's largest property insurer, said in a telephone interview. “In the interest-rate environment that we're in now, investors are looking for another vehicle through which to park at least a portion of their investment portfolios.”

The debt, effective for two years, priced to yield 17.75 percentage points more than a money-market fund of Treasuries in which the proceeds will be stored.

If insurance losses in the 2012 and 2013 hurricane seasons pass a threshold, principal will be transferred to Citizens Property Insurance and bondholders will lose that portion of their principal and the future interest payments allocated to it, according to an April 20 document posted on the insurer's website.

Payments linked to natural disasters help insulate the debt from the risk that a fragile U.S. economic recovery will hinder companies' abilities to boost sales or generate the cash required to pay off obligations.

Employment increased by 163,000 last month, helped by a pickup at automakers and health-care providers, after a revised 64,000 June advance, Labor Department data showed. The median estimate of 89 economists surveyed by Bloomberg called for a rise of 100,000.

The jobless rate, based on a separate survey of households, climbed to 8.3 percent in July, marking the 42nd straight month above 8 percent. Retail sales by auto dealers to department stores rose 0.8 percent more in July, the biggest since February and first gain in four months, according to Commerce Department figures released on Aug. 14.

Portfolio 'Diversifier'

Cat bonds, which gained 3.3 percent last year even after a 4 percent drop in the weeks following Japan's 8.9-magnitude temblor on March 11, have posted positive gains every year since at least 2002.

The debt returned 2.3 percent in 2008, when the collapse of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. contributed to a 37 percent tumble in the S&P 500 index of U.S. stocks and an 11 percent loss for corporate debt.

“It's a diversifier to almost any other asset class out there,” Judy Klugman, a managing director at Swiss Re Capital Markets, which issues and underwrites the securities, said in a telephone interview. The bonds “provide real value for issuers and investors, so that can only mean it has real legs for the future.”

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